68 research outputs found

    Interference Mitigation in Frequency Hopping Ad Hoc Networks

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    Radio systems today exhibit a degree of flexibility that was unheard of only a few years ago. Software-defined radio architectures have emerged that are able to service large swathes of spectrum, covering up to several GHz in the UHF bands. This dissertation investigates interference mitigation techniques in frequency hopping ad hoc networks that are capable of exploiting the frequency agility of software-defined radio platforms

    Gasphasen-Erzeugung und Reaktionen hochreaktiver Silicium-Fragmente

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    Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden auf dem Gebiet reaktiver Silicium-Spezies folgende apparative und experimentelle Forschungsergebnisse erzielt: Zunächst wurde eine Hochtemperatur-Pyrolyse Anlage entworfen, die mit Hilfe von Hochvakuum-Bedingungen (p< 5x10 hoch -9 mbar) Verdünnungseffekte simuliert, um die in der Gasphase erzeugten Moleküle unter solchen Bedingungen zu studieren, bei denen sie keine Folgereaktionen mit weiteren Partnern eingehen können. In die Apparatur integriert wurde ein Ofen (Tmax ungefähr gleich 1200°C) für die Pyrolyse von Stoffgemischen sowie zur Analyse des erzeugten Molekularstrahls ein Quadrupol-Massenspektrometer (0-300 amu, EI-Quelle, SEV). Es wurden Precursoren synthetisiert, die durch Thermolyse infolge intramolekularer Umlagerungen und Abspaltungen definierter Abgangsgruppen Si=X-Doppelbindungen (X= O, S) ausbilden. Diese Precursoren und ihre Pyrolyseprodukte wurden sowohl in der neuen Anlage als auch mittels eines vorhandenen PE-Spektrometers charakterisiert. Parallel zu den Synthesen wurden quantenmechanische Berechnungen an den Produkten der Pyrolysereaktionen durchgeführt, um ihre Eigenschaften, wie z.B. die Orbitalenergien und ihre Strukturparameter, zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse sollten die Interpretation der spektroskopischen Untersuchungen (PE und MS) unterstützen. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurden Fragestellungen bearbeitet, die in anderen Teilprojekten der Arbeitsgruppe von essentiellem Interesse sind. Dabei wurden Lösungen zu Fragestellungen der direkten Si-C-Knüpfung und von Silylen-Reaktionen erarbeitet. Eine Versuchsreihe, die durchgeführt wurde, beschäftigte sich mit den Hochtemperaturreaktionen von SiCl4 und SiF4. Die flüchtigen Ausgangssubstanzen wurden im Pyrolyseofen bei ansteigenden Temperaturen mit pulverförmigem elementarem Silicium oder SiO umgesetzt. Hierbei wurden die Bildungsbedingungen von Dihalogensilylenen in der Gasphase optimiert. In einer weiteren Fragestellung wurden die Thermolyseeigenschaften von Si und SiO untersucht. Beide Feststoffe können ab einer Temperatur von ca. 1000°C und einem Druck von 2x10 hoch -6 mbar atomar bzw. molekular in die Gasphase überführt werden. Dort reagieren sie mit Halogensilanen unter Bildung von Silylenen und Chlorsilanen. Weiterhin wurde eine Disproportionierung von SiO zu Silicium und SiO2 unter hohen Temperaturen beobachtet; konsequenterweise wird dabei Sauerstoff freigesetzt. Weiterhin wurde versucht, die Produkte der Halogensilan-Pyrolyse mit Oxidationsmitteln wie Ethylenoxid zur Reaktion zu bringen. Zuletzt wurden Hydrolyse-Versuche mit SiCl4/SiF4 bzw. :SiCl2/:SiF2 und Wasser untersucht

    Wireless Networks In-the-Loop: Software Radio as the Enabler

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    A software architecture to rapidly develop and test radio networks in real and physical environments is proposed. Radio network terminals are developed in software and run on generic hardware to maximize reconfigurability. Due to the software nature of the radio terminals, radio networks can be simulated in a virtual environment, where physical channels are emulated by software entities. Without any changes to the code base, the same waveform can also be run in a real, physical environment. This feature is used to rapidly switch between real and virtual networks, thus bridging the gap between simulation and physical reality. Aspects of the proposed system are implemented and demonstrated with the GNU Software Radio framework

    Unraveling the role of ectopic thymic tissue in patients undergoing thymectomy for myasthenia gravis

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    Extended thymectomy has been considered the goal of surgery for myasthenia gravis (MG) mainly due to the existence of ectopic thymic tissue. Recently, ectopic thymic tissue has attracted increasing attention in patients with MG following thymectomy. However, the specific role of ectopic thymic tissue in patients with MG is still under debate. A systematic search of the literature was performed on PubMed and Medline according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISM) statement. Studies evaluating the rate of ectopic thymic tissue in patients with MG with or without thymoma were included. Extraction was performed for all eligible studies and the rate of ectopic thymic tissue at common locations was calculated. Eighteen out of fifty-nine studies were eligible for inclusion, of which ten studies reported the common locations of ectopic thymic tissue in mediastinal fat. Of these ten studies, the presence of ectopic thymic tissue was investigated in different anatomical locations in 882 patients, of whom, 509 patients (58%) have at least one positive location with the most common ones being anterior mediastinal fat, pericardiophrenic angles, aortopulmonary window, cervical region (pretracheal fat) and lateral to phrenic nerves. On the other hand, nine studies analyzed the influence of the presence of ectopic thymic tissue on the clinical outcomes of MG patients. Of these, six found that the presence of ectopic thymic tissue in MG patients is a significant predictor of poor outcome after thymectomy, however, the other three did not find a significance. Altogether, ectopic thymic tissue is likely to present in more than a half of patients undergoing thymectomy for MG. Besides, MG patients who have ectopic thymic tissue after thymectomy do not seem to have as good outcome as those who have not

    International student projects in a blended setting:How to facilitate problem based project work

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    Sample identification and pedigree reconstruction in Wolverine (Gulo gulo) using SNP genotyping of non-invasive samples

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    For conservation genetic studies using non-invasively collected samples, genome-wide data may be hard to acquire. Until now, such studies have instead mostly relied on analyses of traditional genetic markers such as microsatellites (SSRs). Recently, high throughput genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has become available, expanding the use of genomic methods to include non-model species of conservation concern. We have developed a 96-marker SNP array for use in applied conservation monitoring of the Scandinavian wolverine (Gulo gulo) population. By genotyping more than a thousand non-invasively collected samples, we were able to obtain precise estimates of different types of genotyping errors and sample dropout rates. The SNP panel significantly outperforms the SSR markers (and DBY intron markers for sexing) both in terms of precision in genotyping, sex assignment and individual identification, as well as in the proportion of samples successfully genotyped. Furthermore, SNP genotyping offers a simplified laboratory and analysis pipeline with fewer samples needed to be repeatedly genotyped in order to obtain reliable consensus data. In addition, we utilised a unique opportunity to successfully demonstrate the application of SNP genotype data for reconstructing pedigrees in wild populations, by validating the method with samples from wild individuals with known relatedness. By offering a simplified workflow with improved performance, we anticipate this methodology will facilitate the use of non-invasive samples to improve genetic management of many different types of populations that have previously been challenging to survey
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